Peran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Dalam Membangun Toleransi Antarumat Beragama
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65244/jgge.v1i1.1071Keywords:
Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, toleransi, antarumat beragama, tinjauan sistematis, kerukunanAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara sistematis peran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) dalam membangun toleransi antarumat beragama, menganalisis tren penelitian, mengidentifikasi efektivitas, serta tantangan implementasinya. Menggunakan metode tinjauan sistematis literatur atas publikasi dalam lima tahun terakhir, studi ini menemukan peningkatan signifikan dalam perhatian akademis, mencapai puncak publikasi sembilan artikel pada 2023 dan delapan artikel pada 2025. PKn terbukti efektif menumbuhkan pemahaman kognitif tentang keberagaman, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan sikap empatik, terutama pada mahasiswa yang umumnya menunjukkan tingkat toleransi sangat tinggi serta internalisasi nilai kerukunan. Lembaga pendidikan formal, didukung guru sebagai teladan dan fasilitator, mengintegrasikan nilai multikultural dan moderasi beragama dalam kurikulum, membentuk sikap inklusif. Namun, studi mengidentifikasi tantangan seperti kesenjangan antara pengetahuan teoretis dan perilaku praktis, munculnya sikap eksklusif pada mahasiswa, penurunan standar perilaku antaragama di beberapa periode, serta pengaruh lingkungan luar sekolah dan perbedaan latar belakang siswa. Faktor kearifan lokal dan kebijakan publik adaptif juga berperan penting. Studi ini berkontribusi dengan mensintesis literatur yang terfragmentasi, menyajikan gambaran holistik tentang dinamika PKn dalam konteks toleransi, dan menyoroti celah kunci untuk penelitian mendatang. PKn merupakan instrumen krusial, namun efektivitasnya sangat bergantung pada implementasi holistik, menuntut penelitian longitudinal dan kontekstual untuk menjembatani kesenjangan teori-praktik.
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