Leadership Management of Eco-Pesantren: Integrating Islamic Values and Environmental Health Principles in Decision-Making
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65244/jggm.v1i1.463Keywords:
Green Organizational Culture, Islamic School, Teacher Ethics, Akhlak, Qudwah Hasanah (Exemplary Conduct), Environmental Education, Hidden Curriculum, Role ModelingAbstract
This study explores the model of leadership and decision-making within Eco-Pesantrens (Islamic boarding schools with an ecological focus) in Indonesia. It investigates how Islamic values (e.g., khalifah [stewardship], mizan [balance], amanah [trust]) are integrated with modern environmental health principles (sustainability, conservation, waste management, ecosystem health) in the strategic and daily decisions of pesantren leaders. Using a qualitative case study approach with in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis at several pioneering Eco-Pesantrens, this research identifies key leadership paradigms, decision-making processes, and implementation strategies. Findings reveal that successful integration creates a holistic leadership model that aligns spiritual, educational, and environmental objectives. Leaders act as transformative agents, internalizing eco-Islamic theology into institutional policies, curricula, and community practices. The study concludes that the Eco-Pesantren leadership model offers a significant framework for sustainable community development rooted in local religious wisdom. It recommends further development of this paradigm for broader application in Islamic educational institutions and communities facing environmental challenges.
Downloads
References
Abubakar, A., Maifizar, A., Fajri, H., Basri, B., Arif, A., & Saputra, N. (2025). Integrating Entrepreneurial Values into Faith-Based Education: A Study of Traditional Pesantren in Aceh. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i2.1934
Acunzo, D., Escher, G., Ottersen, O., Whittington, J., Gillet, P., Stenseth, N., & Negrutiu, I. (2018). Framing planetary health: arguing for resource-centred science. The Lancet. Planetary Health, 2 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30023-8
Adawiah, W., Dharmawan, A., & Sunito, S. (2022a). EKOMODERNITAS ISLAM: Kepemimpinan, Mobilisasi dan Gerakan Lingkungan Hidup di Dua Pesantren di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama. https://doi.org/10.14421/jsa.2022.162-04
Adawiah, W., Dharmawan, A., & Sunito, S. (2022b). EKOMODERNITAS ISLAM: Kepemimpinan, Mobilisasi dan Gerakan Lingkungan Hidup di Dua Pesantren di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama. https://doi.org/10.14421/jsa.2022.162-04
Agung, B., & Siregar, L. S. A. (2025). Pendidikan Islam dan Perubahan Iklim: Respons Qur’ani-Hadis terhadap Krisis Lingkungan Kontemporer. Arba: Jurnal Studi Keislaman. https://doi.org/10.64691/arba.v1i3.16
Aisyah, S., Ilmi, M. U., Rosyid, M. A., Wulandari, E., & Akhmad, F. (2022). Kiai Leadership Concept in The Scope of Pesantren Organizational Culture. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v3i1.106
Albar, M. K., Hamami, T., Sukiman, S., & Z, A. R. B. (2024). Ecological Pesantren as an Innovation in Islamic Religious Education Curriculum: Is It Feasible? Edukasia Islamika. https://doi.org/10.28918/jei.v9i1.8324
Amara, D. Ben, & Chen, H. (2020). The impact of participative decision-making on eco-innovation capability: the mediating role of motivational eco-innovation factors. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23, 6966–6986. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00900-0
Amrullah, A. M. K., Murfi, A., Fauzi, A., & Basri, B. (2025). Integrating Islamic Education with Environmental Programs: Strategies for Sustainable Character Development at SMAN 2 and 7 Malang Indonesia. The Qualitative Report. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2025.6020
An, C., Cai, M., & Guy, C. (2020). Rural Sustainable Environmental Management. Sustainability, 12, 6688. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166688
Anabarja, S., & Mubah, A. (2021). The Islamic Environmentalism in Eco-Pesantren Initiatives: Integrating the Sustainable Development Values in Islamic Boarding School. Journal of International Studies on Energy Affairs. https://doi.org/10.51413/jisea.vol2.iss1.2021.75-90
Arar, K., Sawalhi, R., & Yilmaz, M. (2022). The Research on Islamic-Based Educational Leadership since 1990: An International Review of Empirical Evidence and a Future Research Agenda. Religions. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13010042
Arifin, S., Chotib, Moch., Rahayu, N. W. I., Hosaini, H., & Samsudi, W. (2024). Kiai’s Transformative Leadership in Developing an Organizational Culture of Islamic Boarding Schools: Multicase Study. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v16i2.5325
Baharudin, M., & Tanjung, A. (2020). Islam and Environmental Conservation. Proceedings of the 1st Raden Intan International Conference on Muslim Societies and Social Sciences (RIICMuSSS 2019). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201113.020
Bakri, M. (2021). ECO-PESANTREN ASSESSMENT STUDY OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL IN BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA. Journal of Islamic Architecture. https://doi.org/10.18860/jia.v6i3.7967
Bakti, I. K., & Rohman, M. (2024). Tranformasi Program Eco-Pesantren Sebagai Inovasi Pendidikan Islam Berwawasan Lingkungan. SINDA: Comprehensive Journal of Islamic Social Studies. https://doi.org/10.28926/sinda.v4i3.1652
Bashori, B. (2019). KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL KYAI PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM. AL-TANZIM : JURNAL MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v3i2.535
Basri, H., Hasibuan, H. R., & Rahman, A. (2024). Transformational Leadership of Pesantren as a Role Model for Contemporary Islamic Education Institutions. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Educational Management. https://doi.org/10.24014/ijiem.v7i1.25856
Bendtsen, E. B., Clausen, L., & Hansen, S. (2020). A review of the state-of-the-art for stakeholder analysis with regard to environmental management and regulation. Journal of Environmental Management, 279, 111773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111773
Ben-Pazi, H. (2020). The Future of Religious Leadership: World Religions in Conversation. Contemporary Jewry, 40, 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12397-020-09339-x
Boelee, E., Geerling, G., Van Der Zaan, B., Blauw, A., & Vethaak, A. (2019). Water and health: From environmental pressures to integrated responses. Acta Tropica, 193, 217–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.03.011
Bomberg, E., & Hague, A. (2018). Faith-based climate action in Christian congregations: mobilisation and spiritual resources. Local Environment, 23, 582–596. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2018.1449822
Bratton, S. (2018). Eco-Dimensionality as a Religious Foundation for Sustainability. Sustainability, 10, 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041021
Budiyono, A. (2021). KONSEP KURIKULUM TERINTEGRASI. Ilmuna: Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam. https://doi.org/10.54437/ilmuna.v3i1.253
Bustari, B., Samad, D., & St. Mamat, F. (2025). The Leadership Concept of Kyai in Pesantren: A Literature Analysis Based on Modern Educational Management Perspectives. ALSYS. https://doi.org/10.58578/alsys.v5i4.6570
Carlisle, J., & Clark, A. (2018). Green for God: Religion and Environmentalism by Cohort and Time. Environment and Behavior, 50, 213–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916517693356
Chagnon, M., Kreutzweiser, D., Mitchell, E., Morrissey, C., Noome, D., & Van Der Sluijs, J. (2014). Risks of large-scale use of systemic insecticides to ecosystem functioning and services. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 22, 119–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3277-x
Chen, B., Wang, M., Duan, M., Xiaotian, Hong, J., Xie, F., Zhang, R., & Li, X. (2019). In search of key: Protecting human health and the ecosystem from water pollution in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.228
Islamic Leadership. Public Integrity, 19, 77–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/10999922.2016.1200411
Elleuch, B., Bouhamed, F., Elloussaief, M., & Jaghbir, M. (2018). Environmental sustainability and pollution prevention. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 18223–18225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0619-5
Fatah, A., & Waro, M. T. K. (2025). Qur’ānic Green Campus Model in Islamic Higher Education Indonesia. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae. https://doi.org/10.21697/seb.5840
Green, A., & Hunton-Clarke, L. (2003). A typology of stakeholder participation for company environmental decision‐making. Business Strategy and The Environment, 12, 292–299. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.371
Gruetzmacher, K., Karesh, W., Amuasi, J., Arshad, A., Farlow, A., Gabrysch, S., Jetzkowitz, J., Lieberman, S., Palmer, C., Winkler, A., & Walzer, C. (2020). The Berlin principles on one health – Bridging global health and conservation. The Science of the Total Environment, 764, 142919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142919
Gulzar, A., Islam, T., Khan, M. A., & Haq, S. M. (2021). Environmental Ethics towards Sustainable Development in Islamic perspective. Ethnobotany Research and Applications. https://doi.org/10.32859/era.22.39.1-10
Hanjra, M., Blackwell, J., Carr, G., Zhang, F., & Jackson, T. (2012). Wastewater irrigation and environmental health: implications for water governance and public policy. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 215 3, 255–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.10.003
Haq, N., Manajemen, J., Islam, P., Rofiq, A., Hasan, Moch. S., Judijanto, L., Suprihatin, Nor, M. K., Aziz, A., Artikel, I., Doa, K. B., Kyai, K., & Spiritual, P. (2025). Kyai’s Leadership in Prayer-Based Counseling at Pesantren: A Management Strategy. Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam. https://doi.org/10.31538/ndhq.v10i1.53
Hasan, N., Mardhatillah, M., Abadi, Moh. M., & Hidayat, A. (2022). Environmental Activism in Indonesian Pesantren: The Role of Lora in Mainstreaming Islamic Eco-theology in Tapal Kuda, East Java. Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam. https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2022.12.2.280-306
Hayat, I., Lecturer, Muhammad, Malik, S., & Husnain. (2023). THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IN THE ALLEVIATION OF CLIMATE CHALLENGES AND THE PRESERVATION OF ECOSYSTEM. Russian Law Journal. https://doi.org/10.52783/rlj.v11i11s.1967
Helfaya, A., Kotb, A., & Hanafi, R. (2018). Qur’anic Ethics for Environmental Responsibility: Implications for Business Practice. Journal of Business Ethics, 150, 1105–1128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3195-6
Herdiansyah, H., Jokopitoyo, T., & Munir, A. (2016). Environmental Awareness to Realizing Green Islamic Boarding School (Eco-Pesantren) In Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 30. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/30/1/012017
Islam, M. (2016). An essay on the ethics of Islam towards environmental resources. 6. https://consensus.app/papers/an-essay-on-the-ethics-of-islam-towards-environmental-islam/5c130238d484584782540975bdb84a51/
Islam, Mohammad Shahidul, Islam, Md Shamimul, & Quader, P. (2023). Exploring the Role of Islamic Teachings in Ethical Leadership for Green Supply Chain Management : A Research Note. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, Ekonomi Dan Bisnis. https://doi.org/10.51263/jameb.v8i1.168
Jordan, S., & Benson, W. (2015). Sustainable Watersheds: Integrating Ecosystem Services and Public Health. Environmental Health Insights, 9, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4137/ehi.s19586
Ky, N. N., & Maunah, B. (2021). Kepemimpinan Transformasional di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam. SCAFFOLDING: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Dan Multikulturalisme. https://doi.org/10.37680/scaffolding.v3i2.925
Landrigan, P., Stegeman, J., Fleming, L., Allemand, D., Anderson, D., Backer, L., Brucker-Davis, F., Chevalier, N., Corra, L., Czerucka, D., Bottein, M., Demeneix, B., Depledge, M., Deheyn, D., Dorman, C., Fénichel, P., Fisher, S., Gaill, F., Galgani, F., … Rampal, P. (2020). Human Health and Ocean Pollution. Annals of Global Health, 86. https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831
Lauriola, P., Crabbe, H., Behbod, B., Yip, F., Médina, S., Semenza, J., Vardoulakis, S., Kass, D., Zeka, A., Khonelidze, I., Ashworth, M., De Hoogh, K., Shi, X., Staatsen, B., Knudsen, L., Fletcher, T., Houthuijs, D., & Leonardi, G. (2020). Advancing Global Health through Environmental and Public Health Tracking. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061976
Li, H., Zhang, X., Ng, S., & Skitmore, M. (2018). Quantifying stakeholder influence in decision/evaluations relating to sustainable construction in China – A Delphi approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 173, 160–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.151
Lochmiller, C. (2021). Conducting Thematic Analysis with Qualitative Data. The Qualitative Report. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.5008
Lowry, E. (2016). God’s Greenhouse. CrossCurrents, 66, 57–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/cros.12169
Mackinnon, K., Ham, C., Reilly, K., & Hopkins, J. (2019). Nature-Based Solutions and Protected Areas to Improve Urban Biodiversity and Health. Biodiversity and Health in the Face of Climate Change. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02318-8_16
Maghfiroh, M., Iryani, E., Haerudin, H., Yani, M., Zaini, N., & Mahfud, C. (2024). Promoting Green Pesantren: Change, Challenge and Contribution of Nahdlatul Ulama in Indonesia. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i2.4668
Nevins-Bennett, C. (2025). Paradox or Paradigm? Enhancing Leadership Development Planning for the Succession of Educational Leaders in the Caribbean. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v8i8.2882
Newig, J., Jager, N., Challies, E., & Kochskämper, E. (2023). Does stakeholder participation improve environmental governance? Evidence from a meta-analysis of 305 case studies. Global Environmental Change, 82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102705
Newton, A., & Elliott, M. (2016). A Typology of Stakeholders and Guidelines for Engagement in Transdisciplinary, Participatory Processes. Frontiers in Marine Science, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00230
Nguyen, N., & Adomako, S. (2021). Stakeholder pressure for eco‐friendly practices, international orientation, and eco‐innovation: A study of small and medium‐sized enterprises in Vietnam. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2185
Rahman, M. H., Tianah, I., Khairi, A., & Sintiya, Y. (2024). Transformasi Pesantren: Model Eko-Religius Pondok Pesantren Annuqayah. GHANCARAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.19105/ghancaran.vi.17298
Reed, M., Jensen, E., Noles, S., Conneely, D., Kendall, H., Raley, M., Tarrant, A., Oakley, N., Hinson, C., Hoare, V., Marshall, K., & Pugliese, L. (2024). Analyzing who is relevant to engage in environmental decision-making processes by interests, influence and impact: The 3i framework. Journal of Environmental Management, 373, 123437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123437
Reed, M., Vella, S., Challies, E., De Vente, J., Frewer, L., Hohenwallner-Ries, D., Huber, T., Neumann, R., Oughton, E., Del Ceno, J. S., & Van Delden, H. (2018). A theory of participation: what makes stakeholder and public engagement in environmental management work? Restoration Ecology, 26. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12541
Rendi, R., Prasetiawati, E., & Amin, M. N. (2025). Ayat-Ayat Kepemimpinan dalam Tafsīr Al-Munīr Perspektif Tafsīr Maqāṣidī Abdul Mustaqim. Journal of Islamic Scriptures in Non-Arabic Societies. https://doi.org/10.51214/jisnas.v2i1.1083
Ridwan, A. (2020). THE DYNAMICS OF PESANTREN LEADERSHIP FROM THE DUTCH ETHICAL POLICY TO THE REFORMATION PERIODS. Episteme: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 15, 365–400. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2020.15.02.365-400
Rizk, R. (2014). Islamic environmental ethics. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 5, 194–204. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-09-2012-0060
Rohmah, F. N. (2024). INTEGRATION OF ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES IN THE PESANTREN SYSTEM: A STUDY OF SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION. Molang: Journal Of Islamic Education. https://doi.org/10.32806/gbjgwy60
Ruhullah, M. E., & Ushama, T. (2025). Leadership in Islam: A Spiritual and Theological Doctrine. Fikroh: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam. https://doi.org/10.37812/fikroh.v17i1.1737
Saadi, A. Al, & Atef, R. (2025). A Conceptual Framework for Transformational Leadership and Smart Innovation in Oman’s Legal Translation Sector. Advances in Human Resource Development and Management. https://doi.org/10.55578/hrdm.2507.005
Subaidi, Tantowi, A., Cholid, N., Junaedi, M., Waluyo, & Nursikin, M. (2023). Eco-pesantren: Islamic Education in Forest Conservation Landscapes. Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 16, 541–567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40647-023-00386-w
Sudarsono, S., & Muaddin, A. (2024). Green Pesantren Leadership: Shaping a Moderate Society for Environmental Conservation. Idarah (Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kependidikan). https://doi.org/10.47766/idarah.v8i1.1381
Suddaby, R., & Jaskiewicz, P. (2020). Managing Traditions: A Critical Capability for Family Business Success. Family Business Review, 33, 234–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486520942611
Sulich, A., Sołoducho-Pelc, L., & Ferasso, M. (2021). Management Styles and Decision-Making: Pro-Ecological Strategy Approach. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041604
Sulistyati, M. (2023). Locality, Equality, and Piety: Pesantren Ecofeminism Movement in Indonesia. Studia Islamika. https://doi.org/10.36712/sdi.v30i2.25175
Suryanto, B. T. (2020). EKO PESANTREN: MEWUJUDKAN PESANTREN PEDULI DAN BERBUDAYA LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS KEMANDIRIAN. 3, 263–286. https://doi.org/10.33852/jurnalin.v3i1.111
Sutomo, S., Musnandar, A., Alzitawi, D. U., & Sutrisno, S. (2024). Religious-Sociocultural Networks and Social Capital Enhancement in Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i1.19997
Syafi’i, I., Muis, A., & Rodliyah, St. (2025). Integrasi Kurikulum Pendidikan Vokasional dan Pendidikan Islam di Madrasah Aliyah Berbasis Pesantren. MUMTAZ : Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam. https://doi.org/10.69552/mumtaz.v5i1.3040
Syukri, S., Amir, S. M., Fitriani, F., & Pane, S. (2024). Integration of Islamic Values with Environmental Ethics in Pesantren Education: A Case Study at Darularafah Raya Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2024.131.1-12
Taylor, B., Wieren, G., & Zaleha, B. (2016). The Greening of Religion Hypothesis (Part Two): Assessing the Data from Lynn White, Jr, to Pope Francis. Journal for The Study of Religion, Nature and Culture, 10, 306–378. https://doi.org/10.1558/jsrnc.v10i3.29011
Turner‐Skoff, J., & Cavender, N. (2019). The benefits of trees for livable and sustainable communities. PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.39
Ulum, B., Mahnan, N. H., & Ihsani, F. (2025). Islamic Ethics In Sustainable Environmental Resource Management. INCOME: Innovation of Economics and Management. https://doi.org/10.32764/income.v4i3.5590
Velazquez, J. A., & Negrutiu, I. (2019). Agriculture and global physicochemical deregulation: planetary boundaries that challenge planetary health. The Lancet. Planetary Health, 3 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30235-3
Vente, J., Reed, M., Stringer, L., Valente, S., & Newig, J. (2014). How does the context and design of participatory decision making processes affect their outcomes? Evidence from sustainable land management in global drylands. Ecology and Society, 21, 24. https://doi.org/10.5751/es-08053-210224
Walpole, S., Barna, S., Richardson, J., & Rother, H. (2019). Sustainable healthcare education: integrating planetary health into clinical education. The Lancet. Planetary Health, 3 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30246-8
Wani, N. H., & Azhar, A. (2024). Islamic Environmental Ethics: Preserving the Sacred Balance. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research. https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i03.20924
Whitmee, S., Haines, A., Beyrer, C., Boltz, F., Capon, A., Dias, B., Ezeh, A., Frumkin, H., Gong, P., Head, P., Horton, R., Mace, G., Marten, R., Myers, S., Nishtar, S., Osofsky, S., Pattanayak, S., Pongsiri, M., Romanelli, C., … Yach, D. (2015). Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on planetary health. The Lancet, 386, 1973–2028. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60901-1
Wilkins, D. (2020). Where is religion in political ecology? Progress in Human Geography, 45, 276–297. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132520901772
Yusuf, M. (2024). Pesantren and Environmental-based Educational Innovation: Building Environmentally Friendly Pesantren. Journal of Pesantren and Diniyah Studies. https://doi.org/10.63245/jpds.v1i2.24
Yusuf, Maimun, A., Basri, & As’ad, M. (2024). Transformational Leadership of KH. Yusuf Hasyim in Preserving Traditional Islamic Education at Pesantren Tebuireng. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v5i4.1430
Zainab, I., & Suhermanto, S. (2023). Islamic Scholar Leadership in the Modernization of Pesantren Management. AFKARINA: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam. https://doi.org/10.33650/afkarina.v8i1.5328
Zhang, Y., Chu, C., Li, T., Xu, S., Liu, L., & Ju, M. (2017). A water quality management strategy for regionally protected water through health risk assessment and spatial distribution of heavy metal pollution in 3 marine reserves. The Science of the Total Environment, 599–600, 721–731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.232
Zhang, Y., Guo, Y., Zhang, M., Xu, S., Liu, X., & Newman, A. (2021). Antecedents and outcomes of authentic leadership across culture: A meta-analytic review. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 39, 1399–1435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-021-09762-0
Zuhaeriah, Z. (2019). MANAJEMEN MODERNISASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN NURUL HARAMAIN NARMADA LOMBOK BARAT. JURNAL SCHEMATA Pascasarjana UIN Mataram. https://doi.org/10.20414/schemata.v8i1.1035
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Golden Generation Multidisciplinary

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Journal of Golden Generation Multidisciplinary agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the Journal of Golden Generation Multidisciplinary right of first publication with the work simultaneously This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.









